Bismuthum

Hydrated oxide of Bismuth. Bi^O^OH^-

Hahnemann proved with his students and published the result in 1827, what he supposed to be pure wismuth oxide, but what now is known as the basic bismuthi subnitras, or magisterium bismuthi. The synaptoms (4, and 97) reappeared in the second edition, in 1807 (11, and 97).

Allen's Encyclopaedia, Vol. II, gives also the collection of Wibmer, partly of the acid bismuthum nitricum as magisterium. As here are principally to be given the cured symptoms, which are from Hahnemann's prepara- tions, we omit the other. Women are often poisoned with the oxide, used as a cosmetic.

^ Mind. Unconsciousness.

Stupefaction ; dullness ; mist before the eyes. Dullness ; heaviness of head.

■ Delirium. ^ With gangrene, or internal ulceration. I Delirium tremens.

451 BISMUTHUM.

Desire for company ; the child holds on to its mother's hand for

company. Solitude is unbearable. I i Anguish ; at times he sits, then walks, then lies down, never

long in one place. Apathy, with peevish dissatisfaction. Unstable minded ; begins now this, again that, holds but short

time to any one thing. Ill-humor : he is morose and discontented with his condition,

and complains about it. ^ Sensorium. Dullness ; heaviness of head. Confusion of the head. Vertigo ; sensation as if anterior half of brain were turning in

a circle. Violent vertigo, with pressing pain in forehead ; redness of the

conjunctivae; dimness of vision; tinnitus; pressing pain in

stomach and spasmodic pulse. Dullness in head, with heat and small, tense, accelerated pulse. Dizziness in the morning after a restless night. ^ Inner Head. Pressing pain in forehead; vertigo from violent

exercise. Sensation of weight in forehead, temples and occiput. Pressure and sensation of heaviness in forehead, at times also

in occiput ; pressure on eyeballs ; < after lying down and

during rest ; > from motion and touch.

■ Violent, pressive, heavy pain in forehead.

I Continual pressure in forehead, over the eyes.

Dull, pressive pain in head, now here, now there.

Pressure and sensation of heaviness in occiput, more violent on motion.

Dull cutting pain in brain, begins above right orbit and ex- tends to occiput.

■ Headache extending into root of nose.

Alternate contraction and distension in forehead, eyes and nose. Frequent inflammatory headache, with fever.

■ Headache returning in the winter season.

■ Incipient hydrocephalus.

Boring headache, from within outward, in forehead, orbits and root of nose, extending down the nose ; << afternoon and af- ter eating; >■ from motion, cold drinks and bathing.

Headache alternating with, or attended by gastralgia.

Concomitants of headache: apathetic, sullen, dissatisfied, com- plaining mood ; earthy pale face : blue rings around eyes ; great thirst for cold drinks in evening ; nausea and pressure in stomach after eating ; ineffectual urging to stool in even- ing ; boring and burning in chest and back ; great drowsi- ness in forenoon ; flushes of heat over head and chest ; pros- tration.

BISMUTHUM. 452

* Outer Head. Heavy pressure, like a weight in forehead and

occiput ; •< during motion.

* Sight and Eyes. A fog before the eyes, with stupefaction.

Pressure in right eyeball, from before backwards and from be- low upwards. Thickened mucus in both canthi.

Redness of conjunctiva, with dim vision, vertigo, and tinnitus. ® Hearing and Ears. Pressure and drawing in left external

meatus. ^ Smell and Nose. Nosebleed, dark blood.

Pressive heaviness at root of nose. ^ Face. Pale, cold face ; earthy complexion ; blue borders around eyes ; features changed, as if he had been very sick. 1 Pressure in region of malar bones ; better running about and

holding cold water in mouth. ^Prosopalgia. ;rTremor of muscles of face and limbs. ^^ Teeth and Gums, l Toothache relieved by taking cold water

in the mouth ; gets worse when the water becomes warm. ^^ Taste, Speech, Tongue. Taste : sweetish, sour, or metallic on the back part of tongue. Red tongue.

1 I In the evening white-coated tongue, without heat or thirst. ^^ Inner Mouth. Inflammation of the mouth, with whitish excori- ations and fissures. Slight salivation, with marked tumefaction of the inner surface

of cheek, left gum and side of tongue. Copious secretion of brown, thick, metallic-tasting saliva.

■ Pyrosis.

^^ Palate and Throat. Inflammation of the pharyngeal cavity. Burning in throat. Difiicult swallowing. Inflammation of throat awaking at night and paining very

much, with short cough and retching. Phagedenic ulceration of the uvula, with burning and tearing;

diflicult swallowing of fluids, which return through the nose.

* Thirst. Desire for cold drinks in the evening.

Intolerable thirst. ^^ Eating and Drinking. Nausea after eating and pressure in stomach.

B I Cold water relieves.

I Water is vomited as soon as it reaches the stomach. 6 Sum- mer diarrhoea. 6 Gastralgia.

■ Pressure like a load in stomach after eating. ^Gastralgia. ^^ Hiccough, Belching, Nausea and Vomiting. Hiccough.

■ Violent eructations, sometimes fetid and cadaverous-smelling.

6 Gastralgia.

■ Nausea in stomach ; he feels as if he would vomit, especially

violent after eating.

453 BISMUTHUM.

Nausea, witli gulping up of bile. Violent retching, followed by fearful vomiting. Nausea after every meal.

Vomiting (of bile), with oppressive anxiety ; small pulse ; ver- tigo and prostration. Vomiting and diarrhoea.

■ Vomiting of all fluids as soon as taken. ^During dentition.

d Summer complaint.

Vomiting, with retching ; disgusting taste in mouth ; pain in throat when swallowing ; inflammation of pharyngeal cavity ; diarrhoea, with small pulse, cold extremities, and cramps in hands and feet.

• Vomiting of bile without effort, d Gastritis.

Vomits a brownish fluid.

1 1 Vomits: only at intervals of days when food has filled the stomach; then vomits enormous quantities, lasting all day; vomits all fluids. 6 Cancer of stomach.

IB Vomiting, convulsive gagging and inexpressible pain in stomach, d After operations on the abdomen.

I Vomiting and purging, (or vomiting alone) with great pros- tration ; warm surface : flatulency ; white tongue ; cadaver- ous-smelling stools ; patient desires company. ^^ Scrobiculum. and Stomach. Pressure in stomach, especially after a meal.

I Distressing pressure and burning in region of stomach.

■ Pressure in region of stomach and empty eructations.

II Pressure as from a load in one spot. 6 Gastralgia.

I Spells of cardialgia, with which the abdominal muscles are spasmodically contracted ; retching to vomit ; dyspnoea ; trembling of limbs and convulsions ; the pain is so violent as to induce fainting.

■ Burning, stinging, crampy pains ; stomach hangs down to

the crest of ilium ; hard lumps between the navel and edges of lower ribs, right side. 6 Cancerous affections.

■ ■Crampy, spasmodic pains in stomach; burning, alternating

with pressure ; pressure in spine, must bend backwards.

■ Gastralgia nervosa.

■ Burning in stomach. 6 Inflammation of the stomach.

■ Uncomfortable feeling in stomach.

■ Intense malaise in stomach, with burning; red or white

tongue ; restlessness ; prostration, d After blood-letting.

■ ■Gastric irritation, with pyrosis.

■ Gastromalacia.

^^ Abdomen, Loins and Groins. Pain in umbilical region.

Pinching- pressure, now here, now there, in lower abdomen,

with rumbling and grumbling, and a sensation as if he must

go to stool. TrColic.

BISMUTHUM. 454

Abdomen painful to touch.

■ Abdomen bloated in ridges; rumbling of wind along colon,

passed rarely, but then relieves, d Cancerous affections. Fearfully distended abdomen. Flatulence ; frequent passing of wind. ^^ Rectum and Stool, Ineffectual urging to stool in evening ;

rumbling, pressure and pinching in abdomen. Frequent passage of flatus. Watery diarrhoea.

■ Stools: papescent, foul ; watery, cadaverous-smelling.

■ Summer complaint of children when fluids are vomited as

soon as they are taken.

■ Cholera, when vomiting predominates. Bilious evacuations, with colic. TrDiarrhoea or constipation.

■ Painless discharge of blood from rectum in large quantities. ^^ Urinary Organs. ■ Frequent and copious micturition ; urine is

watery. Suppression or retention of urine. Male Sexual Organs. Seminal emissions, with lascivious dreams.

■ Nightly pollutions without erections.

■ Gonorrhoea.

^^ Female Sexual Organs. Menstrual blood dark, pitchy. " Respiration. Dyspnoea.

TrAnxiety and extraordinary oppression. ^•^ Cough. Sputa dark, bloody, or blood-streaked. *^ Inner Chest and Lungs. ■Pain in chest and back, with burning and boring.

■ Pinching-pressive pain in region of diaphragm, extending

transversely through chest when Avalking.

■ Boring pain in r. chest anteriorly, near 7th rib. ^Pregnancy. Boring and burning in the chest; backache.

Flushes of heat in the chest and head. ;rIntolerable heat on the chest. ^^ Heart, Pulse and Circulation. ■ Violent beating of the heart. 6 Endocarditis with gastritis. Pulse : contracted, somewhat spasmodic, and at times small and intermittent ; sinking. ^ Outer Chest. Fine stitches in centre of sternum, not affected

by breathing. ^^ Neck and Back. Tensive pressure on right side of neck near cervical vertebrae, in motion and at rest. Pain in left side of the back, as after stooping too long. ^^ Upper Limbs. Paralytic weariness and weakness in right arm. Laming-tearing pressure of right forearm ; more toward outer side, at times more in the upper part ; passes off by motion and touch.

455 BISMUTHUM.

Tearing in metacarpal bones of right fore and middle fingers. Fine tearing in finger-tips of right hand, particularly under

the nails. Arms bluish, lame, weak. Tearing and pressure in right shoulder.

Lameness and pressure of right arm, especially in carpal bones. Hands feel weak, as if he could not hold the pen. ^' Lower Limbs. Bluish thighs.

Tearing pain below external malleolus of right foot, terminat- ing at tendo achillis. Tearing : in the toes ; in the heels, more left. Corrosive itching near tibia and backs of both feet near joints,

which becomes much worse on scratching ; is obliged to

scratch himself till it bleeds. ^* Limbs in General. Screwing, boring, tearing-pressure in

bones of hands and feet. Hands and feet contracted spasmodically. Blue color of the forearm and thighs. Marked dryness of the palms of hands and soles of feet. ^® Rest. Position. Motion. Sitting : pain 1. side of back. Lying down and during rest : headache worse. Must bend backward from pressure in spine. Running about : pain molar teeth better. Motion : headache > ; headache < ; lame forearm > ; most

symptoms disappear. Violent exercise : vertigo. Walking : pain in region of diaphragm extends transversely

through chest. ^^ Nerves. Restless, moving about ; anxiety.

All muscles of body, particularly those of legs, from toes to

thighs, spasmodically contracted. TrConstant tremor.

Great debility ; languor; prostration. ^^ Sleep. In morning, a few hours after rising, an excessive sleepi- ness ; but after eating he was unable to take his accustomed

nap for several days. Drowsy while working.

Frequent waking at night : as from fright ; as from tire. Restless sleep ; lascivious, vivid dreams, sometimes without,

more frequently with seminal emission. Starts in sleep ; thinks that he is fiilling ; awakes in a fright. Sleep unrefreshing. ^■^ Time. Morning : dizziness ; great drowsiness ; flushes of heat

after rising. Afternoon : headache worse. Evening : great thirst for cold drinks ; ineffectual urging to

stool; white tongue without thirst.

BISMUTHUM. 456

Night: inflammation of throat awakens; pollutions without erections ; awakens frequently. ^^ Temperature and Weather. Cold drinks and bathing : headache better.

Holding cold water in mouth : toothache bettei:.

When water in mouth becomes warm : toothache worse.

Cold water : relieves faceache.

Summer complaints.

Headaches return in winter. *^ Chin. Fever. Sweat. Chilliness.

Chills intermittent, periodical.

Chill, with deathly coldness of the whole body.

Flushes of heat over whole body, mostly on head and chest, after rising in the morning.

External dry, burning heat.

Heat in entire body, with accelerated, contracted pulse; tem- perature not increased ; no perspiration ; coated tongue; vertigo; pressure in forehead and reddened conjunctiva.

Disagreeable heat in chest; vertigo; drowsiness; vomiting; diarrhoea, or constipation. *^ Locality and Direction. Right : headache above orbit ; pres- sure in eyeball ; hard lumps between navel and edges of lower ribs of side ; pain in chest near 7th rib ; pressure side of neck ; weakness of arm ; lameness of forearm ; tearing in metacarpal bones of fore and middle fingers ; fine tearing in finger-tips ; tearing-pressure in shoulder ; tearing in foot.

Left: Pressure and drawing in meatus auditorius externus; tumefaction of gum and side of tongue ; pain side of back ; tearmg in heel.

Within outward : frontal headache.

Before backward : pressure in r. eyeball.

Below upward : pressure in r. eyeball. *^ Sensations. As if anterior half of brain were turning in a circle.

Cutting : in brain.

Stitches : in sternum.

Stinging : in stomach.

Boring : in forehead, orbits and root of nose ; in chest and back ; in r. chest ; in bones of hands and feet.

Screwing : in bones of hands and feet.

Pinching : in abdomen.

Drawing : in 1. external meatus.

Tearing : in uvula ; in metacarpal bones of r. fore and middle fingers ; in finger-tips ; in r. shoulder ; below external malle- olus of r. foot ; in toes ; in heels.

Burning : in throat ; in uvula ; in stomach ; in chest and back.

Pressing : in forehead ; in stomach ; in head, here and there ; in r. eyeball; in 1. external meatus; in malar bones; in spine ; in abdomen ; in r. shoulder ; of r. arm.

457 BISMUTHUM.

Laming-tearing pressure : of r. forearm.

Tensive pressure : on r. side of neck.

Pinching-pressure : in lower abdomen ; in region of diaphragm.

Crampy pains : in stomach.

Undefined pains : in umbilical region ; in chest and back.

Contraction : in forehead ; eyes and nose.

Distension : in forehead, eyes and nose.

Heaviness : of head ; weight in forehead, temple and occiput ;

at root of nose. Itching : corrosive near tibia and bones of both feet near joints. Paralytic sensation : in r. arm. ^* Tissues. Tearing and pressing in bones of hands and feet. Gastric affections.

Has been given in cancer of stomach. Ansemia.

Spasmodic affections of the muscles of face and extremities. *^ Touch. Passive Motion. Injuries. Touch : headache > ;

abdomen painful ; lameness r. forearm better. *^ Skin. Itch-like eruption ; aneemia. Dry gangrene; delirium.

Ulcers gangrenous, bluish ; or dried, parchment-like. Corrosive itching on side of tibia. See 33. ^^Relationship. Antidotes to Bismuth: Cale. ostr., Capsie.,

Coffee, JVux vom. Bismuth is isomorphic with Ant. crud., Arsen., Phosphor.

Ant. crud. (έμετος, λευκή γλώσσα, γαστρίτιδα) ;

t Arsen. (άγχος, γαστρίτιδα, καρκίνος, γάγγραινα, έμετος κ.λπ.)·

llBellad. (γαστραλγία, καρκίνος, αέρια «σε ράβδους» κ.λπ.)·

WBryon. (οδονταλγία, γαστρίτιδα)· Calc. ostr., Capsie,

Cinchon., Ignat., Kali carh., Kreosot. (καρκίνος, έμετος,

χολέρα των βρεφών)· Laches, (πονόλαιμος, ύπνος, έλκη)·

Lycop., Mercur., Nux vom. (γαστραλγία, τάση για κένεση)·

Phosphor, (έμετος, γαστραλγία)· Plumbum (κοιλιά σε

ράβδους, γαστραλγία, βελτίωση με κάμψη προς τα πίσω, καρδιοπάθεια

κ.λπ.)· Pulsat., Rhus tax. (επίδραση της κίνησης)· Sepia, iSilic,

Staphis. Χρήσιμο μετά από Evonymus. και Κεφαλαλγία.

BORAX. 458