Dioscorea Villosa

Wild Yam. Dioscoreacese.

A perennial creeper, growing wild in this country, principally in Southern States, on bushes and fences. Introduced and proved extensively by Gushing (see Monograph) ; also proved by Woods, Burt and Nichols (see Allen's Encyclopedia, vol. 4, p. 123.)

The tincture is prepared from the root. Dioscorein is obtained by precipitating the tincture with water. Both preparations have been proved and used clinically, in various potencies.

CiiiNiCAi, Authorities Headache, Hale's Therap , p. 216; Dull, heamjpain in stomach, (2 cases), Hale, Am. Horn.

Obs., vol. 3, p. 380 ; Dyspepsia, Hale's Therap., p. 216; Cramp-like pains in region of sigmoid flexure of colon (Dioscorein), Gambell, Raue's Rec, 1872, p. 17; Enteralgia, Helmuth, Am.

Horn. Obs., vol 3, p. 380; Colic (Dioscorein), McLaren, Eaue's Kec, 1873, p. 133; Colic (Bushnell, Wood- bury, Sandford, Shafer, Raue's Rec, 1870, p. 220;

(2 cases), Rogers, Am. Horn. Obs., vol. 3, p. 379; Clifton, Hah.

M., vol. 13, p. 127 ; Bilious colic, Delavan, Am. Obs., vol. 7, p. 415 ; Roger's, Am.

Hom. Obs., vol 3, p. 379 ; Gregg, Raue's Rec, 1870, p. 219; Flatulent colic (Dioscorein), Sunderlin, Am.

Hom. Obs , vol. 3, p. 382; Raue's Rec, 1871, p. 122; Colicodynia, Terry, K A.

J. H., vol. 25, p. 307; Consti- pation and dysmenorrhea. Smith, Allg.

Hom. Ztg., 101, p. 23; Cholera morbus, Wil- liams, Am. Hom.

Obs., vol. 3, p. 379 ; Diarrhcea, Hale's Therap., p. 216 ; Morrison, Hah. M., vol. 10, p. 222;

Griping and tenesmus of dysentenj, Woodbury, Raue's Rec, 1870, p. 21 1 ; Cramps during stool, Hale, N. A. J.

H , vol. 15, p. 309 ; Hcemor- rhoids, Drumm, Hom. Clinics, vol. 3, p. 62; Renal colic.

Hale, Am. Hom. Obs., vol. 12, p. 544; Spasmodic stricture of urethra, Boyd, Martin, Eaue's Rec, 1870, p. 329 ;

Spermatorrhcea, Pease, Hale's Therap., p. 218 ; Nocturnal seminal emissions, Gushing, Jeanes Hom. Clinics, vol. 4, p. 5; Cough, Palmer, Eaue's Rec, 1871, p. 96;

Gushing, Hale's Therap., p. 218 ; Angina pectoris. Brown, Raue's Path., p. 463; Sciatica, Martin (2 cases).

Trans. Hom. Med. Soc, Penna , 1883, p. 59;

Whitlow, Bell, Raue's Rec, 1870, p. 327 ; Pain of suppurating whitlow, Morrison, Hah. M., vol. 10, p. 222.

^ Mind. I Calls things by wrong names; writes down r. arm or leg when he means 1., and must correct it in evening.

DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. 126

Feels tired ; yet still keeps walking around room. Company is disagreeable, conversation troublesome. Great depression of spirits. Irritable ; feels cross and troubled. ^ Sensorium. Vertigo : with heat in head ; with great faint-

ness at stomach; from onanism. Dull, confused, dizzy; mouth dry and bitter. Dizzy, dull feeling; goes to r. while walking; inclined to

fall backwards. Faintness < by sitting up in bed; numbness < by

lying down. ^ Inner Head, i i Dull frontal headache.

Pain in front of head and temples as if top of head was

lifted up. Sharp pains over eyes. Pains in temples, and occiput, dull pressure or sharp

stabbing, causing a dull stupid sensation; neuralgia in

temples, < from least change of position. I I Vertigo and giddiness, with heat in head; with sharp

cutting pains in r. side of forehead, extending to ears ;

a remittent pain, < by pressure. Violent throbbing in temples and forehead ; 9 a.m. Squeezing pains in head; temples as if in a vise; nausea,

dry mouth, belching of wind. Headache in vertex and down into both shoulders. Vertex pains seem to be deep-seated, all but central. Dragging pain in r. side of occiput, making him feel quite

stujDid. Dull pain in back of head down into shoulders and back. 1 I Fulness in head, speedily followed by spasmodic pain

in abdomen. Head feels as if tied with a band. ^ Sight and Eyes. Feeling as of a round or a large smooth

substance, or as of sticks, dust or lashes in eyes. Sharp pain from r. eye to occiput. Lachrj^mation, hot tears, eyes fill in open air, smarting;

wants to keep eyes closed. Eyes weak, sore, smart; r. eye smarts < ; seems as if hot

air streamed out, evening; lids glued together. Eyelids stiff or gummed in morning. ^ Hearing and Ears. Ringing, buzzing in ears with head- ache. Small balls of wax drop out of r. ear almost daily. Both ears feel suddenly stopped up, and are sore to touch. Pains in ears, < blowing nose. Hard pain in front of both ears, and behind 1. ear. Itching of r. internal ear, < than in left. "' Smell and Nose. Nose stopped up, dry, or watery dis- charge.

127 DIOSCOREA VILLOSA.

Bright red blood from 1. nostril, followed by a dark clot,

while sitting writing. Watery discharge from 1. nostril and eyes, with smarting

in fauces. I I Bad smell in nose, as from bilious fever or bilious dys- entery; dryness of nose. Nostrils sore inside. ^ Upper Face. Sharp pain in 1. cheek or lower portion of temporal region. Hard aching in 1. side of face (parotid), extending to neck. I I Little pimples with black heads. ^ Lower Face. Corners of mouth sore. I I Lips dry. Spasmodic closing of jaws, biting tongue, when neither

eating nor drinking. Stiffness of jaw; sore pain at angle, 1. side. ^^ Teeth and Gums. Pain in front teeth and burning in mouth and fauces. Sharp aching in an upper r. molar, a filled tooth, as if the

bare nerve was touched. Soreness of gums, extending to roof of mouth. Gums on inner side of front upper teeth swollen. "Taste and Tongue. Taste: bitter, nasty; rough; sweetish or flat, pappy. lAwakes 4 a.m., with bitter taste, dry mouth and dizziness. Dry tongue, in morning, with heavy brown coating, with- out thirst, and with bitter taste. Tongue white, dry; yellowish white; brown and sore on

tip, < in morning. Tongue sore on sides, or as if burnt. Bites tongue, spasmodic closure of jaw. ^^ Inner Mouth, i i Mouth bitter and clammy; dry in morn- ing. Dry, yet full of sticky mucus ; no thirst. I Mouth dry and bitter, tongue heavily coated, no thirst. Saliva runs out while asleep. 13 Throat. Fauces dry, burning, smarting, sore.

Fauces rough, dry; frequent inclination to swallow. Left tonsil smarts and itches, with inclination to cough. Pain on back and r. side of throat causing choking sen- sation. Constant desire to swallow, but it causes nausea and irri- tated feeling in throat, 1. side. Sharp stitching pains seemingly in tonsil up to ear. Constricted feeling in throat as from something tight about neck, makes breathing difficult. '* Appetite, Thirst, Desires, Aversions. 1 1 Disgust for food, with flat clammv, bitter or sweet taste.

DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. 128

^^ Eating and Drinking. After eating: nausea, faint, dis- tressed at stomach, it burns; dull, heavy pain, > by belching; can taste food eaten; relief of symptoms. Eating > sharp pain in stomach.

■ Flatulence after meals; wind colic, with little or no

hepatic derangement.

Several hours after eating patient is attacked with violent colicky pains, causing desire to bend double, which makes him < ; must walk erect ; distension of stomach, tasteless eructations (except after long attack when they may be sour) ; cold extremities ; pulse feeble.

Dull pains in head, < after dinner.

After excess in eating, errors in diet, or in tea drinkers, excessive flatulent colic. ^® Hiccough, Belching, Nausea and Vomiting, i Sharp cramping pain in pit of stomach, followed by raising, belching and gulping enormous quantities of tasteless wind, for fifteen minutes, followed by hiccough and dis- charge of flatulence from bowels.

I Belching large cpantities of wind, tasteless, sour, bitter, or like rotten eggs, with only partial relief of pains.

■ Inordinate belching of gases. 1 I Nausea.

Vomiting and purging; watery stools, painful cramps in stomach, bowels and extremities. " Scrobiculum and Stomach. Faintness at epigastrium.

■ Distressing pain at epigastrium, > by raising sour, bitter

wind; with shuddering. I I Sharp pain in epigastrium > by standing erect, < from stooping.

■ Sharp pain in epigastrium, extending to 1. hypochon-

drium.

■ Dull, heavy pain in pit of stomach, < after eating, > by

frequent eructations of air; pains radiate from stomach in all directions, and at times appear suddenly in head and feet; belching large quantities of wind, with sensa- tion as if both temples were in a vise; must unfasten clothing, > by stretching body or by walking about; sharp, prickling pains in stomach, faintness; flatulent distension after meals in persons of weak digestion.

■ Sharp cramping pain in pit of stomach, followed by rais-

ing, belching and gulping of enormous quantities of wind, then hiccough and discharge of flatulence from bowels.

■ Constant, dull, weary pain in cardiac region of stomach,

extending to 1. side and dorsal region. I I Stomach painful on pressure, faintness; burning distress with sharp, pricking pains; forenoon and evening.

129 DIOSCOREA VILLOSA.

■ Cutting pains in stomach; gastrodynia.

■ Distress at stomach all day, at times so sharp he had to

walk around room to get breath. Burning, jerking pains in stomach, with faintness.

■ Distress and burning at stomach. Sensation as of a stone in stomach.

■ Continued distress at stomach, with frequent very sharp

pains, at 7 a.m., must unfasten clothing.

■ Hard pain in region of stomach.

■ Neuralgic pain in stomach. ^Angina pectoris. I I Gastralgia; cramps in stomach.

I I Pyrosis in pregnant women. I I Stomach painful on pressure, with faintness. ^^ Hypochondria. ' l Sharp pain in 1. hypochondrium.

■ Hard dull pain in region of gall-bladder, at 7 a.m.

■ Dull, heavy, grinding pain in region of liver, quite

severe, in evening.

■ Cutting, squeezing and twisting pain in region of liver.

■ Sharp pains in liver, extending to nipple.

Aching in 1. hypochondrium, with faint feeling in stomach.

I I Neuralgia and spasmodic affections of liver and gall- ducts.

Digging in 1. hypochondrium. ^^ Abdomen. ■■ Rumbling of bowels and discharge of large quantities of flatulence.

■Tenderness or soreness of bowels on pressure; much belching.

■ Constant aching distress in whole of bowels, with frequent

sharp cutting pains in stomach and small intestines.

Remitting, griping pain in epigastric and umbilical region.

■Severe cramping pain just above umbilicus.

Pain and spasm arising from umbilical region and radi- ating all over abdomen, extending into stomach, pelvic organs, and even extremities.

■ Constant, dull, aching pains in whole umbilical region,

with frequent sharp, cutting pains all through small intestines.

■ ■Constant distress in umbilical and hypogastric regions,

with severe cutting, colic-like pains every few minutes in stomach and small intestines.

■ Severe remitting, griping pains above and near umbili-

cus; constipation; vomiting; abdomen tympanitic and very sensitive to pressure; great prostration ; pale, cold, clammy skin; pulse 30; respiration 5 per minute.

■ Intense cutting, twisting, agonizing pains in abdomen,

commencing in umbilical region radiating all over ab- domen, > or not by pressure, with distension, soreness and sensitiveness of abdomen; vomiting, cramps.

VOL. V. — 9.

PIOSCOREA YILLOSA. 130

1 1 Griping pain in bowels; < at umbilicus; in lower

portion. I I Severe cramping pains beginning just below umbilicus,

extending into back, thence flying to fingers and toes,

where the pain is intense (in pregnant women). I Sudden attack of constant heavy joressing pain, two

inches below umbilicus. iMolent, cutting, lancinating, pains in bowels, eliciting

shrieks from jDatient. ^Dysentery.

I Sharp cutting pain in bowels, < by walking.

■ Severe pain in bowels, with discharge of large quantities

of flatulence.

II Violent twisting colic, occurring in regular paroxysms, with remissions.

■ Twisting pain in all parts of bowels, < in lower part,

continually changing. I Constant pains, worse in paroxysms, of a violent twisting character, with constipation, thirst, and sensitiveness of r. side of abdomen. ^Enteralgia.

■ Twisting pains, < by lying down, > by pressure, unless

abdomen is tender. ^Enteralgia. Severe colic and heat in stomach and abdomen, < from doubling up and at rest, pains compel him to keep in constant motion.

■ Severe pain in 1. iliac region, running upwards to 1. kid-

ney, > from crouching together with hands clasping knees. ^Colic.

I Pain beginning suddenly at a small spot in r. iliac region, continuing sometimes for two days, ending always in an attack of vomiting, and leaving as suddenly as it commenced. ^Flatulency.

I I Crampy, spasmodic pain, commencing near crest of ilium (r. side) extending into lumbar region and hypo- gastrium; gradually increasing for days; ending in an attack of vomiting or headache; < by physical or men- tal labor, and by lying on affected side; > lying on back, and 1. side; always leaving suddenly.

iSpasmodic, very sharp pains in umbilical and r. iliac regions, not modified by pressure, although pressure causes rumbling.

■ Pain in both sides of bowels, going round and back to

lumbar region, with much rumbling of wind; pain < as soon as lying down at night, when going to sleep, when it becomes acute; > by gentle rubbing and pass- age of inodorous flatus; gets still more relief by walkmg about room; pain in region of ascending, transverse, and descending colon ; bowels loose. ^Colicodynia.

■ Severe constant pjain, greatly aggravated every three or

131 DIOSCOREA VILLOSA.

five minutes, near head of colon ; pain in a small spot, which feels as if it were drawn forcibly upward and backward to spine; constant desire to defecate and uri- nate, but without accomplishing much ; cannot remain in any one position. ^Colic.

iCramjD-like pain in region of sigmoid flexure of colon, extending to back, with vomiting.

I Pain in 1. inguinal regioD.

I Pain in both inguinal regions extending to testicles.

• Bilious colic, pain extremely severe and remitting.

I I Flatulent colic, occurring every night.

Flatulent colic, chiefly in persons of feeble digestive power.

■Spasmodic colic.

1 I Hypersesthesia of the abdominal nerves; neuralgia of the bowels.

■ Abdominal pains suddenly shift and appear in distant

localities, as the fingers or toes. Pains begin in a small spot and radiate, may early in at- tack extend to stomach, liver, spleen or uterus; pains

often jump from place to place, especially to a distant

part. With the colic patient has a tendency to bend double, and

feels as if pressure would >, but, as a matter of fact, it

<, and most solace is obtained by stretching body out. Colic < by sitting, or lying, or bending double; > by

currant-wine, pressure, and walking. Stool and Rectum, l l Very offensive flatulence from bowels. Expulsion of flatus difficult and with violence; often

with watery evacuations, but with only partial relief of

pains. Sudden urging to stool, especially early in morning. Driven hurriedly out of bed in morning, with hurried

desire for stool, which is loose and offensive and followed

by straining and burning at anus. I Painful diarrhoea with much straining early in morning. I Morning diarrhoea with profuse, deep yellow, thin stools,

followed by very weak, faint feeling, without relieving

the constant twisting pains in bowels. Bilious colic and diarrhoea early in morning.

■ Loose stools, with much straining.

■ Constant desire to defecate and urinate, without accom- plishing much. ^Colic.

Stools: profuse, deep yellow, thin, bilious, watery; white,

slimy, jelly-like. Black, hard, dry, lumpy stool, last part of it soft, white

and mushy, followed by prolapsus, ^Piles.

■ Only about once during week, desire for stool, although she eats heartily; abdomen feels full and distended;

DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. 132

face red ; eyes heavy ; confusion of head. ^Constipation

and dysmenorrhcea. Sensation as if feces were hot; hot flatus. I I All the abnormal alvine discharges are attended by

twisting writhing, severe pain around, and extending

from region of umbilicus.

■ During pregnancy, alternate constipation and relaxation

of bowels ; pyrosis, and burning, aching pain in stomach ; just before and during each fecal evacuation, severe pain in sacral region of bowels, of a writhing, drawing character, which radiates upward and downward until whole body and extremities become involved, the fingers, hands, feet and toes feeling as if they were about to be cramped, from the severe, drawing, darting pains in them ; great anxiety, faintness and palpitation of heart.

Spasmodic pains in bowels, with unusually severe tenes- mus; stools like albumen, but lumpy, with straining^ and burning in rectum, and sensation as if feces were hot; during the stool nearly fainting.

Before stool : much straining even with loose stool ; sudden urging, hurried out of bed in morning; burning in rec- tum ; severe writhing pain in sacrum and back, radiat- ing up and down until the whole body and extremities, are involved (also during stool).

During stool: severe tenesmus; burning in rectum ; emis- sion of much offensive flatus.

After stool: haemorrhoids; prolapsus ani; weak, faint, feeling in abdomen; colic,

■Stool in morning, followed by protrusion of four hsemor- rhoidal tumors, size of large red cherries, with great pain and distress in anus.

■ Piles, like grapes, around anus, not bleeding; involuntary

discharge of slimy mucus from anus; darting pain,, from old hsemorrhoidal tumor, to liver; hsemorrhoidal tumors of livid color prolapsed, with great pain and distress in them. I I Itching of rectum.

■ Griping and tenesmus of dysentery.

■ Spasmodic pains in abdomen, with severe tenesmus in

dysentery.

■ Cholera morbus with vomiting, diarrhoea, painful cramps

in stomach, bowels and extremities. I I Cholera morbus, cholera infantum; dysentery; diar- rhoea. ^^ Urinary Organs, i Writhing, twitching and crampy pains with passage of renal calculus.

■ Agonizing pain in small spot over crest of r. ilium ; pains

radiate from this spot up to renal region, and down r.

133 DIOSCOREA VILLOSA.

leg and into r. testicle ; patient writhes about in bed, with loud, tremulous moaning ; skin bathed with cold, clammy sweat; pulse feeble and quick; retching; fre- quent desire to urinate. ^Renal colic. ■Spasmodic stricture of urethra, with pain about umbili- cus, > by pressure; pressure on rectum, paroxysmal colic pains. ^^ Male Sexual Organs. ■ Constant excitement of genital organs, with frequent erections night and day, amorous dreams.

■ I Emission of semen during sleep, sometimes without

erections.

■ Sexual desire greatly diminished; no erections for many

days.

■ Nocturnal emissions, with erections and amorous dreams

when asleep, or without erections, sensations, or dreams, but with great weakness of knees; depression of spirits; pain in lumbar and inguinal region, extending to test- icles; desire to be alone.

■ Nocturnal emissions, with lameness of back ; weakness of

knees; can appear happy, but looks down when on street.

■ Amorous dreams and erections when asleep; no torpidity

of the genitals.

■ Frequent nocturnal emissions, with great despondency.

■ Nocturnal emissions, with vivid dreams of women all

night ; great despondency ; knees very weak.

■ Frequent emissions in sleep, without erections or dreams.

■ Frequent involuntary emissions, without dreams or ex-

citement, by day as well as night ; memory impaired and energy gone. Pain and spasm of spermatic cord when the pains com- mence in inguinal region, and extend to testicles and penis.

■ Genitals relaxed and cold ; cold and almost insensible.

■ Strong-smelling perspiration on scrotum and pubes.

^^ Female Sexual Organs. ■Dysmenorrhoea; spasmodic uter- ine colic ; pains suddenly fly to distant parts.

2^ Pregnancy, Parturition, Lactation. Vomiting, pyrosis and gastralgia of pregnant women, or when occurring during menses.

■ ■Severe pains with cramp in flexor tendons of fingers

and toes, alternating with false labor pains. After pains: false pains of pregnancy.

^^ Voice, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchia. Constant tickling in larynx causing cough.

^® Respiration. ■Laborious breathing. ^Angina pectoris.

^ Cough. ■Irritating hacking cough, caused by constant tick- ling sensation in larynx and bronchia.

DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. 134

I Cough with pain in epigastrium; dull pain in temples, brownish-yellow tongue, weak knees.

Frothy, profuse expectoration seemingly from posterior nares. ^ Inner Chest and Lungs. Tightness across upper part of chest; distressed feeling.

Pain in region of nipples.

Sharp pain in 1. lung near nipple, with an occasional stitch in region of heart, with numbness of 1. arm, ex- tending whole length as if asleep ; 1. leg also numb.

Pains through lungs to back and vice versa.

I I Pains through side of chest, with headache in temples. ^ Heart, Pulse and Circulation, i Sharp cutting pain in region of heart arresting breathing and motion, with faintness. ^Angina pectoris.

■ Neuralgic pain in stomach; cannot speak; laborious

breathing; sudden severe pain in middle of sternum,

extending to both arms and hands; cannot move; cold

clammy sweat all over; impulse very feeble; pulseless.

^Angina pectoris. Angina pectoris ; sharp pain in 1. chest, region of heart,

takes his breath, < lying on 1. side. I Pulse intermitting every eight or ten minutes after the

attack for weeks. ^Angina pectoris. ^^ Outer Chest, l Sharp pains, cutting in region of nipples,

arrest breathing ; > by pressure. I I Pain through from back to front of both lungs, or vice

versa. I I Sharp cutting from 1. axilla to nipple and down side

deep in lung. Burning behind top of sternum. ^^ Neck and Back. Lame and stiff; weakness in small of

Back, in region of liver so lame it is almost impossible to

■ Severe, drawing, writhing pains in sacral region and

bowels, radiating upward and downward, until whole body and even fingers and toes become enveloped in spasms, so severe as to elicit shrieks. Itching over r. scapula and over 1. ribs.

■ Hypertesthesia of spinal cord, or reflex irritation. Drawing pains in sacrum.

135 DIOSCOEEA VILLOSA.

Dull, heavy pain in region of sacro-iliac symphisis and a

dull pain in region of liver. ^^ Upper Limbs, i i Pain in 1. shoulder.

Sharp jerking pains in shoulders, 1. elbow stiff. Numbness of 1. hand and forearm, < in little finger as if

asleep, arms and hands numb. Dull grinding in middle of 1. forearm, at intervals during

evening. Grinding in elbows. 1 1 Panaritium, early when pains are sharp and agonizing,

or when pricking is felt; nails brittle. Disposition to paronychia. ^ Lower Limbs. ■ Painful affection of r. hip completely im- pairing use of r. leg; pain only during motion, rest

bringing complete relief. ^Sciatica. While lying, sharp pain like an electric shock from 1. hip

to head. I Pain about region of exit and along course of sciatic nerve

down r. leg; pain only when moving limb, or on sitting

up ; entire relief when lying still. ^Sciatica. Cramping pain in back side of legs; dull pain whole

length of r. leg posteriorly < at buttock and heel. Pain in 1. popliteal space, then r. knee, then r. popliteal

feel weak, walking is difficult, but is compelled to walk. Sharp pain in r. ankle joint, soon drifting into toes ; >

painful. Jumping darting in corns. ^* Limbs in General, i i Rheumatic pains < at night and

early morning. Sharp pains in various parts of body and limbs ; darting

from place to place. I I Severe pains, with cramp in flexor tendons of fingers

and toes and pregnant woman, alternating with false

toes and fingers.

DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. 136

Nails seem unusually brittle. ^^ Rest, Position, Motion. Rest: pain in hip and leg >.

Lying down: numbness <; twisting pain in abdomen < ; on affected side, pain in ilium < ; pain in both sides of bowels < ; colic < ; sharp pain in 1. hip to head; pain along sciatic nerve down r. leg >.

Lying on 1. side: pain in r. ilium > ; sharp pain in 1. chest; region of heart <.

Lying on back: pain in ilium >.

Rising: chill, could not get warm.

Sitting up: in bed, faintness <; colic <; impossible from lameness of back ; pain in sciatic nerve down r. leg <.

Standing erect: pain in epigastrium >.

Change of position : neuralgia < ; desire to change position.

Pains except headache are usually > by motion.

Motion: constant, compelled by pain; lameness of back > ; pain in hip and leg during ; pain in legs and knees > ; pain in r. ankle joint > ; must move, yet hurts him.

Cannot turn in bed : back so lame.

Blowing nose: pain in ears <.

Crouching: with hands clasping knees > ; pain in 1. iliac region.

Desire to bend double : < colic.

Stooping : pain in epigastrium < ; dull j)ain in lumbar region <.

Stretching body > pain in j)it of stomach.

Walking: keeps on even though tired; erect > pains; distress at stomach > ; cutting pain in bowels < ; pain in both sides of bowels > ; colic > ; continued walk- ing > ; difficult walking on account of weak knees, but is compelled to walk.

Physical labor: cramp pain in ilium <.

Writhes in bed. ^^ Nerves. Strengthens nerves ; later trembling, languor, faint- ness, numbness and tingling.

Great weariness and loss of strength.

■ Chorea, with seminal emissions.

Many cases of reflex nerve action, neuralgia, colic, etc.

Disorders of male genitals.

Paralyzed, numb sensations. ^^ Sleep. Could not sleep from too intent thinking.

i I Went to sleep in his room in the afternoon; awoke with bitter mouth and pains in the bowels.

Sleep heavy, full of dreams awoke; lame and weary.

Restless sleep; dry, bitter mouth on awaking.

Aroused suddenly with slow, but hard beating of the heart.

Restless after 2 a.m. ; must move, yet hurts, he is so sore.

Goes to sleep late, awakens early.

137 DIOSCOREA VILLOSA.

Very sleepy after dinner, but on lying down could sleep but a few minutes ; tired and lame, < after the nap.

Awoke 2 A.M., with sharp piercing deep in vertex, with frequent cutting cramp, like pain in epigastrium down to navel, with a faint distressed feeling as if diarrhoea would come on ; bitter taste ; mouth dry.

I Worse on awaking; mouth dry, bitter; urging to stool and eyes gummed, etc. ^ Time. 2 a.m.: restless after; sharp, piercing pain in vertex.

4 A.M.: wakes with bitter taste, dry mouth and dizziness; chill ; slimy stool.

7 A.M. : distress at stomach ; pain in region of gall-bladder.

9 A.M. : throbbing in temples.

Morning: eyes stiff or gummed; dry tongue; tongue sore on tip < ; dry mouth; sharp pains in stomach; sudden urging to stool; driven out of bed; painful diarrhoea; bilious colic ; after stool, protrusion of tumors, pain in anus; rheumatic pains <; toes stiff.

Evening: eyes feel as if hot air streamed out; sharp pain in stomach; pain in region of liver; dull grinding in middle of 1. forearm; pain in r. ankle joint <.

At night: pain in both sides of bowels < when lying down; flatulent colic; emissions with erections and amorous dreams; rheumatic pains <. ^^ Temperature and Weather. Generally > in open air.

Open air : eyes fill with tears.

Chills : could not get warm. ^•^ Fever. Chill commences over 1. scapula, spreading over back.

Chilliness: with bitter mouth ; with aching bones, back- ache, pains in lungs, sore throat, etc. ; pains in bones of legs.

Chill 4 A.M., with slimy stools ; could not sleep again be- cause of chills running down back ; on rising, chills, could not get warm.

Cold extremities, feeble pulse, but no fever; with colic.

Sweats easily while chilly, from least exertion.

I Cold, clammy sweat all over. ^Angina pectoris. ^^ Attacks, Periodicity. Pains remit, are spasmodic.

Sudden attack: constant heavy pain below umbilicus.

Every few minutes: colic-like pains in stomach; pain near head of colon < .

Prequent: sharp pain in intestines; desire to urinate; erections night and day; nocturnal emissions; emissions without erections; cutting cramp-like pains in epi- gastrium,

Regular paroxysms : violent colic.

Attacks: of vomiting and headache following pain in r. iliac region.

DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. 138

At intervals: dull grinding in middle of 1. forearm.

Fifteen minutes : belching lasts.

Daily : small balls of wax drop out of r. ear.

Two days : pain in r. iliac region.

For days: pain in r. side of ilium.

Once a week: desire for stool. ^Locality and Direction. Left: pain behind ear ; itching in internal ear; watery discharge from nostril; sharp pain in cheek; aching in side of face; sore pain at angle of jaw; tonsil smarts and itches; irritating feeling in side of throat; pain in hypochondrium; dull, heavy pain in side; severe pain in iliac region extending to kidney; pain in r. side of ilium > from lying on side; pain in inguinal region; sharp pain in lung; numbness of arm and leg; sharp pain in chest ; sharp cutting from axilla to nipple; sharp, deep pain in lower portion of scapula ; itching over ribs ; pain in shoulder ; elbow stiff"; numbness of forearm and hand; dull grinding in forearm; sharp pain from hip to head; pain in popliteal space ; sharp pain in knee ; chill commencing over scapula.

Right: he goes to side while walking; sharp pain side of forehead; pain in side of occiput; pain from eye to occiput; eye smarts; small balls of wax drop out of ear; itching in internal ear; pain in upper molar; pain side of throat; side of abdomen sensitive; pain in small spot in iliac region ; crampy pain in side of ilium; pain in testicle; sharp pain through lung, following pain in 1. scapula ; itching over scapula; pain in leg; painful affection of hip, impairing use of leg; lameness of hip; pain along sciatic nerve clown leg; pain in knee; pain in popliteal space; knee feels lam& and stiff; sharp pain in ankle joint; pain and soreness. in fourth toe of r. foot.

1 1 Frequent sharp darting pains from one part to another.

I Pains spread, especially from abdomen to distant parts.

Pains go downwards; often fly to remote parts.

Both sides: pain in bowels; pain in inguinal regions; in testicles.

Radiating upward and downward : severe writhing pain in sacral region.

Changes position : pain in bowels ; pains suddenly shift and appear in different localities. ^^ Sensations. As if top of head was lifted up ; temples as if in a vise; head feels as if tied with a band ; feeling as of a round, or a large smooth substance, or as of sticks, dust, or lashes in eyes ; seems as if hot air streamed out of eyes; ears feel suddenly stopped up ; tooth feels as if

139 DIOSCOREA VILLOSA.

bare nerve was touched ; tongue feels as if burnt ; as if something tight were about neck ; as of a stone in stom- ach ; in a small spot in abdomen, feels as if it were drawn forcibly upward and backward to spine ; as if feces were hot; arm as if asleep ; little finger as if asleep ; as if glu- teal muscles were too short ; fingers, hands, feet and toes as if they were about to be cramped.

Pain : in front of head and temples ; in occiput ; in vertex, deep-seated ; into both shoulders ; in ears ; in front teeth ; on back and r. side of throat ; radiates from stomach in all directions, suddenly into hands and feet ; in 1. hypo- chondrium ; in epigastrium ; from umbilical region and radiating all over abdomen, into stomach, pelvic organs and extremities ; beginning at a small spot in r. iliac region ; in both sides of bowels to lumbar region ; in region of ascending, transverse and descending colon ; 1. inguinal region ; in both inguinal regions, extending to testicles; in anus, with diarrhoea; of spermatic cord; in penis; in region of nipples; through lungs to back, and vice versa ; through side of chest ; in 1. shoul- der ; in r. hip ; about region of exit, along course of sciatic nerve down r. leg; in 1. popliteal space, and r. knee ; in legs and knees ; in fourth toe of r. foot ; in joints.

Agonizing pain: in abdomen; in small spot over crest of r. ilium, radiates to renal region down r, leg and into r. testicle.

Cutting pain: in stomach; in region of liver; in small intestines ; in abdomen ; in region of heart ; in region of nipples ; from 1. axilla to nipple and down side deep in lung.

Stabbing pain : in head.

Writhing pain : extending from region of umbilicus ; in sacrum and back extending through body and ex- tremities.

Lancinating pain : in bowels.

Severe pain: in bowels; in 1. iliac region running up to 1. kidney; near head of colon; in sacral region of bowels extending to extremities; with cramp in flexor tendons of fingers and toes ; in middle of sternum, extending to both arms and hands.

Sharp pain: over eyes; in head; in r. side of forehead, extending to ears ; from r. eye to occiput ; in L cheek ; in upper r. molar; in tonsil and ear; in stomach; in pit of stomach; extending from epigastrium to 1. hypo- chondrium ; in liver, extending to nipple ; in 1. lung near nipple; in 1. chest; in region of heart; in lower portion of 1. scapula; through centre of r. lung; in

DIOSCOREA YILLOSA. 140

shoulders ; like an electric shock from 1. hip to head ; in 1. knee; in r. ankle joint, extending to toes; in ankles; in wrists; to toes and fingers; deep in vertex.

Grinding pain : in region of liver ; in middle of forearm ; in elbows.

Darting pain : from old liEemorrhoidal tumor to liver ; in corns.

Stitch : occasionally in region of heart.

Twisting pain : in region of liver ; in abdomen.

Cramp-like pain : in region of sigmoid fliexure to colon.

Cramping pain : in pit of stomach ; in bowels and ex- tremities; just above umbilicus; extending to back, flying to fingers and toes; near crest of ilium, extend- ing into lumbar region and hypogastrium ; in back part of legs.

Colicky pain: with flatulency; in stomach and small in- testines ; spasmodic uterine colic.

Griping pain: in epigastric and umbilical region; in bowels.

Digging : in 1. hypochondrium.

Squeezing pain: in head; in region of liver.

Jerking pain : in shoulders.

Burning, jerking pain : in stomach.

Dragging pain : in r. side of occiput.

Drawing pain : in sacrum.

Distressing pain : at epigastrium ; in whole of bowels ; in umbilical and hypogastric region.

Hard pain: in front of both ears; behind 1. ear; 1. side of face; extending to neck; in region of stomach ; in region of gall-bladder.

False labor pains.

Neuralgia: in temples; in stomach; in liver; in gall ducts ; of bowels ; of extremities.

Spasmodic pain : in abdomen ; from abdomen to stomach, pelvic organs and extremities; near crest of ilium, ex- tending into lumbar region and epigastrium ; umbilical and r. iliac region ; in abdomen.

Paroxysmal pains : in urethra.

Aching pain : in elbow.

Yiolent throbbing : in temples and forehead.

Prickling pain : in stomach.

Burning : in mouth ; in fauces ; in stomach ; in rectum ; behind top of sternum.

Smarting: in eyes; in fauces; 1. tonsil.

Ptheumatic pain : in limbs.

Dull pain : in head ; in temples ; in back of head, shoul- ders and back ; in stomach ; in pit of stomach ; in car- diac region of stomach, extending to 1. side and dorsal

141 DIOSCOREA VILLOSA.

region ; in region of liver ; in umbilical region ; in back of neck, extending to head and shoulders ; in lumbar region ; in region of sacro-iliac symphisis ; along r. leg.

Heavy pain : in pit of stomach ; in region of liver ; two inches below umbilicus.

Dull pressure : in head ; on rectum.

Soreness: of nostrils; corners of mouth; at 1. angle of jaw ; of gums, extending to roof of mouth ; on tip and sides of tongue; of fauces; of abdomen ; of fourth toe of r. foot.

Heat : in head ; in stomach ; in abdomen.

Constricted feeling : in throat.

Tightness : across upper part of chest.

Irritated feeling : in 1. side of throat.

Distressed feeling : at stomach.

Faintness : in stomach.

Lame feeling : in back ; r. hip ; r. knee.

Stiffness: of toes.

Numbness : of 1. arm ; 1. leg; 1. hand ; of feet and legs.

Weakness : in small of back ; of limbs ; of knees.

Fulness: in head; in abdomen.

Ringing, buzzing : in ears.

Tickling : in larynx.

Dizzy, dull feeling.

Itching : r. internal ear ; 1. tonsil ; of rectum ; over r.. scapula and over 1. ribs. ** Tissues. Acts through the ganglionic nervous system, par- ticularly affecting the umbilical region, giving, as its most characteristic effect, severe pain, simulating a so- called bilious colic.

Acts, probably, chiefly upon the nerves, especially upon solar plexus and upon spinal nerves, causing pain over body and in viscera, also reflex pains.

Myalgic and neuralgic pains.

Rubbing : gently, > pain in both sides of bowels ; pain in legs and knees >.

Pressure : pain in forehead < ; stomach painful ; bowels sensitive to; abdomen sensitive ; intense pain > ; pain <; twisting pain in abdomen >; pain in umbilical and r. iliac region not modified by pressure; causes rumbling ; colic > ; pain about umbilicus > ; sharp pain in region of nipples >. ^^ Skin. I I Little pimples with black heads.

Itching and burning of various parts. *'' Stages of Life, Constitution. Persons of feeble digestive powers, old or young, with flatulence after meals, in

DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. 142

stomach or bowels, but unattended with any hepatic derangement or irregularity of bowels ; these persons, from some excess in eating, or from fasting, or from some error in diet, as eating old cheese, uncooked fruit, pastry, etc., especially if they are great tea-drinkers, may be suddenly seized with violent colic.

Biliousness with neuralgic pains as reflex symptoms.

Disposition to felons, possibly with a tendency to colic.

Young man; involuntary emissions.

Man, set. 22, onanist; nocturnal emissions.

Young lady, set. 23; constipation and dysmenorrhoea.

Man, set. 25; nocturnal emissions.

Mrs. C, set. 25, worn out by nursing sick child ; constant pain in cardiac portion of stomach.

Mrs, D., set. 30, has phthisis pulmonalis, with hectic night- sweats, etc.; dull, heavy pain in pit of stomach.

Mrs. A. v., set. 30, nervous temperament; flatulent colic coming every night, except during summer, when at- tacks are not so regular or severe.

Widower; nocturnal emissions.

Man, set. 35, married, father of three children; nocturnal emissions.

Mrs. D., set. about 35, five months pregnant, has been lying in bed for a month on account of pain ; sciatica.

Man, set. 50; cholera morbus.

Man, set. 50; renal colic.

Old lady, set. betw^een 50 and 60, who had been walking with crutches for nearly a year; sciatica.

143 DOLICHOS PRURIENS.