Berberis Vulgaris

Berberis vulgaris belongs to this order along with Caulophyllum and Podophyllum. It contains an alkaloid called Berberina, which is also found in Hydrastis Ca?iadensis, Zanthorriza, Menispeimum Cana- dense, Coptis root, etc. Some chemists have even asserted that what is sold as Muriate of Hydrastine is not Hydrastine at all, but Muriate of Berber ine. This Berberiue, when given in large doses to animals, produces restlessness, convulsive trembling, thirst, diarrhoea and, finally, paralysis of the posterior extremities. Man is far less readily poisoned by it than are the lower animals. In the old school it is used as an antiperiodic and also as a bitter tonic.

Berberis vulgaris acts more on the kidneys and bladder than on any other parts of the body; next to these the liver, and, lastly, the mucous membranes. It also affects the vital powers and damages nu- trition, as shown by the sunken face and excessive prostration.

First of all we will consider the kidney symptoms as the most

452 A CUNICAI, MATERIA MEDICA.

important. Just as I would recommend Digitalis for several diseases when the heart symptoms decide for it, so would I recommend Ber- beris in certain affections, as peritonitis, metritis, etc., when marked by the Berberis kidney symptoms. We find in the renal regions stick- ing, digging, tearing pains, worse from deep pressure, for they are evidently in the kidneys themselves. These tearing pains extend down the back and into the pelvis along the course of the ureters. There is a sort of tensive, pressive pain across the small of the back, which feels stiff and numb; pains of a sticking or tearing character radiate from the kidneys down into the small of the back. Another symptom which seems to be peculiar to Berberis is a bubbling feeling as if water were coming up through the skin. It is a peculiar symp- tom, and one that may point very strongly to Berberis as the remedy.

doming next to the bladder, we find here very marked cutting which extends down the urethra, and burning pain even after urinat- ing. The urine itself presents marked characteristics. We find it yellow, turbid and flocculent. Sometimes there is whitish sediment, later becoming red and mealy. With these urinary symptoms are the tearing pains just mentioned. Now, whenever you have these renal and vesical symptoms, you must think of Berberis, whether the trouble be inflammation of the uterus, of the bowels, of the peritoneum, or of any other part of the body. The face is usually expressive of deep- seated disease, being sunken and worn looking. General prostration is great.

Sometimes the same condition obtains in liver affections. You find very characteristically sticking pain under the border of the false ribs on the right side. These pains seem to shoot from the hepatic region down through the abdomen. These symptoms may well be indicative of gall stone colic.

The stools of Berberis are accompanied by violent burning in the anus, as if the surrounding parts were sore; frequent or constant de- sire for stool. These symptoms have suggested the use of Berberis in fistula of the anus.

In fistula compare Silica, Sulphur, Ignatia and Calcarea p/ws., the latter when lung symptoms are present as the result of an operation for removal.

You may also use Berberis in complaints of females, when the leu- corrhcea or menstrual difficulty is associated with the peculiar urinary symptoms of the drug.

Berberis is to be studied alongside of Pareira brava. The difference

THE BERBERIDACE.E. 453

between the two drugs is this: in the latter drug the pains go tearing down the thighs, while in the former they seldom go further than the hips, and the patient is unable to urinate unless he gets down on his hands and knees. Urine ammoniacal.

We may also use Berberis in disease of the joints, when accompanied by the tearing and burning pains and the bubbling sensation just mentioned. It is also a very useful drug in rheumatism or gout, when characteristic urinary symptoms are present. This places it by the side of Lithium carb. , Benzoic acid, Calcarea ostrearum and Lycopo- dium.

Benzoic acid is useful in gout and in rheumatism with urinary symptoms, when the urine smells strong, like that of the horse.

Calcarea ostrearum has very offensive urine, with a white instead of a turbid deposit.

Lycopodium is useful in rheumatism or gout when the urine contains a lithic acid deposit.