Tliis plant is indigenous to North America and grows abundantly in all parts of the United States. It is also found in the north of Africa and south of Europe. The fresh root is cliopped and pounded to a pulp; from this is made the alco- holic tincture. Provings by Burt, Fellows, Marshall, Hale's New Eemedies, Cooley, Horn. Med. Soc, N. Y., 1870; toxicological reports are numerous. See Hering's Monograph. CiiiNicAL Authorities. — Difficult dent'tion, Merrill, A. H. O., vol. 3, p. 554; Nash, Hom. Phys., vol. 5, p. 122; Stomatitis ulcerosa, Lilienthal, A. H. O., vol. 4, p. 256; Syphilitic affections of mouth. Small, A. H. Z., vol. 110, p. 158, from Hom. World, Nov., 1884; Tonsillitis, Guernsey, Hom. Phys., vol. 4, p. 357 ; Enlarged tonsils, Brown, A. H. O., vol. 1, p. 108 ; Enlarged^ tonsils and nvula, Haggart, Med. Journ., vol. 8, p. 161 ; Sore throat, Knerr, Heiing's Monograph, p. 63 ; Edmunson, H. M., vol. 9, p. 358 ; Lodge, A. li. O., vol. 7, p. 333 ; Gregg, N. E. M. G., vol. 4, p. 175; Aphthous patches on tonsils, Stillman, Times Ret., 1876, p. 72, from Med. Journ., 1876, p. 488 ; Diphtheritic sore throat, 'Saah, Hom. Phys., vol. 5, p. 122; Diphtheria, Scales, Mass. Trans., vol.4, p. 657; Times Eet., 1875, p. 73; Small, R.uie's Eec, 1873, p. 84, from U. S. Med. and Surg. Journ., vol. 7, p. 151 ; Hughes, B. J. H., vol. 28, p. 736; Matheson, Hom. Rev., vol. 10, p. 117 ; Blake, Bubb, Reed, Hom. Rev., vol. 10, p. 240; Newton, Hom. Rev., vol. 14, pp. 403-10 ; Burt, A.H. O., vol. 1, p. 35; Lee, A. H. O., vol. 1, p. 183; Eldridge, A. H. O., vol. 4, p. 435 ; Merryman, M. J., vol. 6, p. 37 ; James, Hom. Phys., vol. 4, p. 360 ; Bayes, Hom. Rev., vol. 9, p. 065 ; Chronic sore throat, Ussher, Hom. Rev., vol. 14, p. 421 ; Pharyngitis, Nash, Hom. Phys., vol. 7, p. 113; Chronic pharyngitis, Allen, Am. Hom. Rev., 1865, p. 454; Spasm of stomach and pain in hip joint, Gate, Hale's Tlierap , p. 499, from Boston Qiiar., vol. 1, No. 4; Constipation, Gause, Hah. Mo., vol. 6, p. 452; Orchitis, Schmucker, H. M., vol. 11, p. 200; Dysmenorrhea and constipation, Williamson, Hering's Monograph, p. 77 ; Irritable breast, Hale, Hale's Therap., p. 515 ; Pain in breasts, Qi^bme, Organon, vol. 2, p. 132 ; Tumor of breast, Huglies, B. J. H., vol. 23, p. 258; Mastitis, Small, Raue's B.ec., 1873, p. 187; (3 cases) Riggers, Raue's Rec, 1874, p. 238; Sanford, N. E. M. G., vol 4, p. 175; Lukens, A. H. O., vol. 5, p. 77; (3 cases) Riggers, A. H. O., vol. 10, p. 562 ; Car- penter, Hom. World, vol. 4, p. 260; Guernsey, Hom. Phys., vol. 4, p. 358 ; Mam- mary abscess, Searle, Times Ret., 1875, p. 140, from Med. Union, vol. 11, p. 174; Compton, Times Ret.. 1875, p. 99, from O. M. and S. Rep , vol. 9, p. 28 ; Ulceration of mamma. Hale, Hale's Therap., p. 513; 3Iamm.ary fistula, Caryienter, Raue's Rec, 1875, p. 181 ; Cracked nipples, Small, U. S. Med. and Surg. Journ., vol. 7, p. 153 ; Disease of breast. Hale, B. J. H., vol. 21, p. 201 ; Aphonia, Usslier, Hom. Rev., vol. 14, p. 421 ; Laryngismus stridulus, Knapp, Amer. Journ. Horn., vol. 6, p. 141 ; also, Raue's Rec, 1870, p. 157 ; Cough, Stillman, Raue's Rec, 1873, p. 104, from Med. Journ., vol. 5, p. 542; A. J. H. M. M., vol. 6, p. 184; Carter, Horn. Recorder, vol. .3, p. 125 ; Rheumatism of back, Small, Raue's Rec, 1873, p. l'J3, from U. S. Med. and Surg. Journ., vol. 7, p. 152; Mhemnatvsm inback. Smith, Hering's Muno- PHYTOLACCA. 412 graph, p. 83; Aching in scLcrum, Neidhard, Bering's Monograph, p. 83; Pain in r. shoulder, Neidhard, Hering's Monograph, p. 83 ; Sciatica, Guernsey, Horn. Phys., vol 4, p. 358 ; Periostitis of femur, Smart, Hale's Therap., p. 502 ; Ulceration of leg, Wood, T. P. H. M. Soc, 1871, Hering's Monograph; Aching of heels, Hale, Pane's Eec, 1875, p. 206; from A. J.H. M. M., vol. 7, p. 206 ; Ulcers of feet. Hale, B. J. H., vol. 26, p. 488; Rheumatism, Hering's Monoa;raph, p. 87; Sarchet, Smith, Times Pet., 1876, p. 149, from M. J., vol. 3, p. 452, and vol. 4, p. 266 ; Kendall, Kimball, Cate, O'Brien, Hale, Gushing, Smart, Neidhard, Hale's Therap., pp. 499-502; Syphilis, Mercer, Hah. Mo., vol. 1, p. 458; Secondary syphilis, Blu- menthal, Times Ret., 1875, p. 92, from Med. Union, vol. 1, p. 44; To control sup- puration, Ussher, Hom. Eev., vol. 14, p. 421 ; Chronic ulceration, Wood, T. H. M. S. Pa., 1871, p. 132; Scarlet fever, Sibly, M. J., vol. 5, p. 38; Times Pet., 1877, p. 37 ; Rupia syphilitica, O'Brien, B. J. H., vol. 26, p. 327. ^ Mind. I I Delirium. ■ Indisposition to mental exertion; disgust for business of day, on waking early in morning. ■ Melancholy, gloom ; indifference to life. ■ Great fear; is sure she will die. I i Complete shamelessness and indifference to exposure of her person. ■ Irritability; restlessness. ■ ■Irresistible desire to bite teeth together. ■ Cannot be persuaded to take nourishment. ■ Remarkable nervous phenomena in diphtheria. I I A form of insanity with albuminuria. ■ Oversensitiveness to pain; pain is unbearable. ^ Sensorium. ■Vertigo: cannot walk; staggering, with danger of falling; with dim vision; ■■when rising from bed feels faint. ^ Inner Head. ■Headache: severe; violent; one-sided, just above eyebrows, with sickness of stomach; dull, heavy in forehead; dull, pressive, with vertigo and impair- ment of vision; in diphtheria; rheumatic, syphilitic or neuralgic. ■ ■Painful pressure on forehead and upperpartof both eyes. ■ Dull pressing pain in forehead, accompanied by slight nausea, with cool perspiration in forehead and feeling of weakness. I I Shooting pain from 1. eye to vertex. ■ Pain extending back from frontal region. I I Sharp, shooting pains in r. temple. I I Pressure in top of head with dryness. ■ Pain in top of head and a feeling as if brain were bruised, when stepping from a high step to ground. ■ Heavy aching feeling in head at 1.30 p.m. ■ Sore pain over head, < r. side. ■ Sensation of soreness deep in brain. ■ Sick-headache: in forehead; with backache and bearing down ; weekly. 413 PHYTOLACCA. iPain in back of head and neck. * Outer Head. iRheumatism: of r. frontal region, with nausea, < in morning; of scalp; dull pains, come on every time it rains, with depression of spirits ; especially following diphtheria. I I Scaly eruption on scalp. I Eczema capitis, moist, fearful itching, little raw tubercles on scalp, face and arms. iTinea capitis; < washing it when he is warm. ■ Syphilitic nodes on skull. ^ Sight and Eyes. iPhotopliobia. I I Double vision with giddiness and headache. I Dimness of vision. I I Pupils contracted ; tetanus. ■ Ej^es staring. ■ Blue around eyes. ■ Feeling of sand in e3^es, with soreness and burning. ■ Burning and smarting in eyes and lids, with profuse lachrymation, > in open air. ■ Sharp pain goes through ball of eye on reading or writing. ■ Dull aching pains in eyes, < from motion, light, or exercise. ■ Rheumatic pain in and about eye. I I Pressure around eyes in afternoon, as if eyes were too large. ■ Circumorbital pains in syphilitic ophthalmia. I I Suppurative choroiditis (pan-opthalmitis) in r. eye of a child, after a needle operation for cataract; lids' enor- mously swollen, very hard and red, conjunctiva in- jected, chemosis, anterior chamber filled with pus and cornea tending towards suppuration ; child pale, weak and restless. ■ Cellulitis: inflammation slow in its course and not at- tended by severe pain; infiltration of cellular tissue of orbit very pronounced, hard and unyielding to touch; eyelids reddish-blue, hard and swollen ; eyeball pressed forward and its mobility impaired or lost entirely ; che- mosis; more or less dull aching pain; lachrymation; photophobia. Eyes inflamed. ■ Rheumatic ophthalmia; lids much swollen. ■ Catarrhal ophthalmia; burning, smarting, tingling pain; itching < by gaslight ; abundant flow of tears. ■ Granular conjunctivitis, with circumorbital pain; sore- ness in periosteum and scalp, as of rheumatic origin. ■ Motions of one eye independent of the other. ■ Lachrymation, with coryza. PHYTOLACCA. 414 I I Fistula lachrymalis. I I Lids feel as if granulated and tarsal edges have a scalded, hot feeling, as if raw ; granulated, sandy sensa- tion in lids, with same sensation upon edges. ■ Lids feel as if on fire. ^Acute rheumatic ophthalmia. ■ Eyelids agglutinated and oedematous. I Reddish-blue swelling of eyelids, < on 1. side and in morning ; hard, unyielding cellulitis. ■ Scrofulous swelling of glands of eyelids. I I Malignant ulcers on lid: lupus, epithelioma, etc. ^ Hearing- and Ears. iShooting pains through both ears when swallowing; r. side worse. ■ Eustachian tubes feel obstructed. "^ Smell and Nose, i Drawing sensation about root of nose. I I Sensation in nostril as if tickled with a stiff feather. ■ Feeling iii nose and eyes as if cold would come on. ■ Total obstructions of nose, when riding must breathe through mouth ; not > by blowing nose ; mucus dis- charged with difficulty ; constant hawking. ^Coryza. ■ Flow of mucus from one nostril, while the other is stopped; both stopped up while riding. ^Coryza. I I Wakes at 3 a.m., with nose stopped up, discharges clinkers from both nostrils in morning. ■ Thin watery discharge from nostril, increasing until nose becomes stuffed. ■ Cor3'za and cough with redness of eyes and lachryma- tion, photophobia; feeling of sand in e3'^es, with sore- ness and burning. ■ Acrid discharge from nose excoriating nose and uj^per lip. ^Scarlatina. ■ Syphilitic ozsena, with bloody, sanious discharge and disease of bones. ■ Noli me tangere and cancerous affection of nose. ^ Upper Face. Stupid expression of face, enlarged pupils, violent headache, staggering. I I Distortion of face. ■ Face: sunken; pale, hippocratic; blue around eyes; yellowish complexion ; looking blue and suffering. I I Cool sweat on forehead. I I Heat in face (1. side), after dinner; with redness of face, cold feet, eruption on 1. upper lip. ■ Pains in bones of face and head, at night. ■ Prosopalgia in syphilitic and rheumatic subjects. ■ Blotches in face; < in p.m., after washing and eating. ■ Swelling around 1. ear and side of face, like erysipelas; thence over scalp ; very painful. ■ Ulcers and eruptions (scaly) on face. ^ Lower Face. ■Chin drawn closely to sternum by convul- sive action of muscles of face and neck. ^Tetanus. 415 PHYTOLACCA. I Lips everted and firm. ^Tetanus. ■ Upper lip excoriated. ^Coryza. I I Eruption on upper lip. i Cancerous sore on upper lip and nose (application of leaf and root). I Ulcers on lips. I Parotid and submaxillary glands swollen. ^° Teeth and Gums. ■ ' Disposition to bite teeth together. iTeeth all ache: feel sore and elongated. I Rheumatic, neuralgic, mercurial or syphilitic toothache. iDiflBcult dentition; child crying, moaning, restless and feverish, particularly at night; in hot weather vom- iting and diarrhoea; retarded dentition; wants to bite on something hard continually and seems relieved by it. '' Taste and Tongue, i Taste : disagreeable, metallic. • Great pain in root of tongue, fauces, etc. I Burnt feeling on back part of tongue. iTongue: thickly coated at back ; coated yellow and dry; furred; fiery red at tip; feels as if scalded; coated greyish-yellowish ; hot, rough, tender and smarting at tip; small ulcers like those caused by mercury; thick; protruding. I I Tongue and lips dry, much pain in fauces when swal- lowing. ^^ Inner Mouth, i Profuse saliva, sometimes yellowish, often thick, ropy, tenacious ; mercurial ptyalism, with in- flamed gums. ■ Salivation with metallic taste in mouth. ^Diphtheria. ■ Sensation of dryness in mouth with cough. ■ Roof of mouth sore ; profuse salivation. ■ Ulcerated sore mouth. ■ Small ulcers on inside of r. cheek, very painful; he can- not chew on tha.t side. I I Inflammation of posterior nares, pharynx, tonsils and soft palate ; uvula and tonsils ulcerated ; extreme sensi- tiveness of mucous membrane; deglutition painful; tongue coated ; fetor oris ; eruption on face, arms and body ; has taken much mercury. ^Syphilis. I I Severe glossitis ; deep ulceration of tongue and gums ; looseness of teeth ; tonsils, uvula and velum palati ul- cerated ; in consequence of large doses of mercury, ^Syphilis. 13 Throat. ■Fauces and pharynx look dry. ■ Dryness: of throat; in throat and posterior fauces ; in upper part of pharynx, disposition to hawk and clear throat, without aff'ording relief; in fauces provoking hacking, dry cough; in throat inducing cough; in PHYTOLACCA. 416 throat < morning and evening ; of throat soon pro- duces soreness. I Throat: very dry, rough and sore; dryness, roughness, burning and smarting in fauces. I Hot feeling, as if a ball of red-hot iron had lodged in throat. ■Sensation of a lump in throat, causing a continuous de- sire to swallow; like a plug in throat; < 1. side. I I Sensation of throat being so full that it felt choked; hawking to rid throat and posterior nares of mucus. ■ Pressing pain in r. side of throat. I I Increased discharge of mucus from posterior nares, de- tached with difficulty, continually excited a disposition to hawk. ■ Uvula large, almost translucent. ■ Strings of mucus adhering to upper part of pharynx. ■ Deglutition: painful; difficult; with every attempt ex- cruciating shooting pains through ears ; regurgitation through nostrils; unable to swallow even water; almost impossible because throat felt so dry and rough. ■ Tonsils: and palate congested, bluish or dark-purple; sore, red and swollen ; r. much enlarged, dark-red, burn- ing in fauces and whole length of oesophagus; large, bluish, ulcerated ; throat feels as after eating choke- pears; induration and ulceration; chronic enlargement; aphthous patches with rheumatic pain in lumbar re- gion; follicular sore throat; quinsy. ■ Cannot drink hot fluids; choking; ulcers on tonsils. /^Syphilis. ■ Feeling of rawness, scraping and excoriation in throat. ■ ■Throat sore; the isthmus congested and of a dark-red color; dryness of throat, with some swelling of tonsils. ■ General soreness of posterior fauces and apparent exten- sion of irritation into Eustachian tubes. ■ Darkish-red inflammation of fauces, tonsils swollen; ulcerated ; thick, white or yellow mucus. I I Soreness of throat, and a feeling as of a lump when swallowing saliva ; same sensation felt on turning head to 1. side. ■ Sore throat, with derangement of digestive organs; fetid breath and constipation ; after diphtheria or scarlatina ; tubercular ; after syphilis. I I Sore throat on r. side; throat red and tumefied; no pain when swallowing food, but when swallowing saliva ; low-spirited, indiff"erent to his surroundings, wishes some one would knock him on the head and kill him ; tongue coated white and slimy ; has to drink often to keep throat moist; weight on back of neck ; pressing 417 PHYTOLACCA. pain going up back of neck, on r. side only; r. side of head feels as if firmly pressed, causing pain in eyes; pain in throat from root of tongue downward towards outer attachment of clavicle ; cannot bear clothes on throat; drawing, stinging, pressing pain down r. side of neck towards shoulder blade. ■Scarlatina anginosa : tending to suppuration or ulcera- tion ; fever rages with unwonted severity ; no eruption ; nose and upper lip much excoriated by an acrid dis- charge; slight delirium; great prostration. ■ Hoarseness and persistent sore throat after diphtheria. I I Chronic sore throat: fauces and pharynx look dry and of a dark color, with a few adherent strings of mucus high up ; hawking of phlegm morning and evening ; aphonia. iPharynx dry, rough, feels like a cavern. I I Chronic follicular pharyngitis; membrane lining fauces and pharynx as well as velum pendulum and uvula pale, puffed and flabby; uvula large, almost translucent; dis- tressing sensation of enlargement of calibre of pharynx and oesophagus from choanse to epigastrium, provokes a cough, paroxysmal, extremely distressing, and attended by very profuse and exhausting expectoration of thick starchlike mucus; whole chest feels like a big empty cask, as if its calibre were enlarged tenfold ; great de- bility; patient, who is intolerant of stimulants, can take whisky to any extent and with great temporary relief. ■ Chronic granular phar3'ngitis ; burning sensation as of a hot substance in throat; voice gives out; burning and soreness, greatly < by prolonged use of voice. ■ Catarrhal inflammation of head and throat, closely simu- lating diphtheria ; tough, white mucus iVom posterior nares, clinging tightly to posterior wall of throat, resembling large patch of diphtheritic membrane. I I Swollen glands; tonsils swollen and covered with greyish patches; dizziness and backache. ■ Diphtheritic inflammation and ulceration of throat. ■ ■Diphtheria: sick and dizzy when trying to sit up; frontal headache ; pains shooting from throat into ears, espe- cially on trying to swallow; face flushed ; tongue much coated, protruded ; thickly coated at back, fiery red at tip; breath fetid, putrid; vomiting; difficulty of swal- lowing; tonsils swollen, covered with membrane, first upon 1., three or four patches; tonsils, uvula and back part of throat covered with ash-colored exudation ; ton- sils covered with dirty, white, pseudo membrane; small white or yellow spots on tonsils coalesce and form VOL. VIII.— 27. PHYTOLACCA. 418 patches of membrane; membrane has appearance of dirty washleather; exudation pearly or greyish white; great thirst ; < from hot drinks ; dyspnoea ; ropy, offensive mucus lining mouth and throat; glands of neck very tender; pain in neck and back, body sore as if bruised, groans with pain, especially when trying to move or turn in bed ; aching limbs ; great prostration ; violent chill, soon followed by high fever ; fever with- out chill ; pulse 120, 140, weak ; rash on skin ; remark- ably nervous phenomena; consecutive paralysis; leaves vision impaired, hearing dull; in cold weather gener- all}^ epidemic ; usually of catarrhal or rheumatic ori- gin, brought on by exposure to damp and cold atmos- phere or sleeping in damp, ill-ventilated rooms. I I Ulceration of mucous membrane of upper part of ali- mentary tract. ^Diphtheria. ■ Scarlet fever, with diphtheritic complications, I Induration of parotid glands in diphtheria. ■ Parotitis: inflammation of submaxillary glands. ^' Appetite, Thirst. Desires, Aversions. ■ Great thirst. I I Hunger soon after eating. ■ Loss of appetite. ^^ Hiccough, Belching, Nausea and Vomiting. ■ Violent etibrts to eructate to relieve restricted sensation in r. hy- pochondrium. ■ Nausea: with eructations of flatus and sour fluids; with severe pain in umbilical region. ■ Vomiting: easy, without much nausea; of ingesta, bile and blood, with great accumulation of flatus in stomach and bowels; violent, every few minutes; comes on slowly, preceded by nausea and is excessive; of mucus, bile, ingesta, worms, blood ; and purging with griping pains and cramps in abdomen, without relief ; of food and milk, in teething children ; in diphtheria. ■ Frequent vomiting, prostration, sometimes fainting, even convulsions, followed slowly by gripes, cramps, vomiting of dark bilious substance. I 1 Violent vomiting of clotted blood and slime, with retch- ing, intense pain and desire for death to relieve. ^^ Scrobiculum and Stomach. ■Bruised and sore feeling at pit of stomach. ■ Heat in stomach. i I Pain in pit of stomach as from a heavy blow or concus- sion there, followed by cramps in abdomen and coolness. ■ Cutting in pit of stomach, which is tender to touch. I I Pains in cardiac portions of stomach < by a full inspi- ration and by walking. ■ Pain in region of pylorus. 419 PHYTOLACCA. ^* Hypochondria. lA sore spot in r. hypochondrium not larger than a dollar, extremely sensitive to touch. I I Digging pain in r. hypochondrium, in upper and lower portions of liver. I 1 Cannot lie on r. side on account of penetrating pain in r. hypochondrium. I I Soreness and pain in r. hypochondrium during preg- nancy. I I Chronic hepatitis, with enlargement and induration. ^^ Abdomen, l Griping and cramps in abdomen. ■ Burning, griping pains in umbilical region. ■ Great rumbling in abdomen and pain in umbilicus, with stools of mucus and blood ; gastro-enteritis. I Bearing-down pains. I I Violent pains in abdomen during menstruation in a barren female. I I Chronic inflammation of bowels, of five years' standing. I I Ulceration of mucous membrane of upper part of ali- mentary tract. ^Diphtheria. ■ Rheumatism extending to abdominal muscles. ^^ Stool and Rectum. I l Continual inclination to go to stool, but passes constantly fetid flatus. I I Diarrhoea with sickly feeling in bowels; copious dis- charge of blood, mucus and what looked like scrapings of inner surface of intestines. ■ Diarrhoea early in morning; after lemonade. ■ Stools : thin, dark brown ; of mucus and blood ; like intes- tinal scrapings ; tenesmus ; of bile. ■ Dysentery, I I Intense vomiting and. purging, with prostration and cramps, as in cholera. 1 I Feeling of fulness in abdomen before stool, which re- mains after stool as if all had not passed. ■ Constipation: hard stools; from torpor of rectum; ha- bitual, says bowels will not move without aid of purga- tives; of long standing, pain shooting from anus to lower part of rectum along perineum to middle of penis ; of the aged or those with weak heart. ■ Ulceration and fissure of rectum. ■ Hemorrhoids: permanent and obstinate; bleeding and mucous. I I Bloody discharge with heat in rectum. ■ Fissures of anus. ^^ Urinary Organs, i i Weakness, dull pain and soreness in region of kidneys; most on r. side and connected with heat; uneasiness down ureters; chalklike sediment in